Imperialism

• Imperialism reverberates through history in three major ways: in WW1 was mainly in a competitive sense. It was expanded on in WW2, and the Cold War was a reaction against imperialism.
• What is imperialism?
  • Creating an empire by seeking markets, natural resources, and political control of other countries. Can also be a settlement for excess population.
  • What are the ideas behind imperialism?
    • Colonialism: expansionist/conquest or a settlement for excess population and natural resources.
    • Mercantilism: markets for excess product. Exclusive market (anti-free markets) versus open door/ laissez-faire/ free market policies.
  • Imperialism is the combination of colonialism and mercantilism with addition of political control for protection of property. Political control can be direct and indirect.
• The 2nd Industrial Revolution
  • The access to natural resources becomes important with the 2nd wave of Industrial Revolution: Oil
  • Oil and rubber are the two most important things. Oil can be found in Asia minor and Indonesia are large producers of oil, and West Africa as well as South East Asia
• Why and how do the west impose themselves upon these nations?
  • Material advantage: industrial production, whip ,weapons, technology, transportation, military
  • Ideal advantage: political systems and organizational systems in general are superior to the rest of the world. (These advantages are temporary) advances in science and knowledge, geography,
  • Moral advantage: its very sketchy and we only claim moral advantage because of the first reasons. The idea that we are right and you are wrong is based upon Christianity. Our cultural and religious superiority, which is relative. Race and ethnocentrism.
• Isaac Taylor 1860 Ultimate Civilization describes what he thinks is barbarism
  • Polygamy: having more than one wife
  • Infanticide: killing infants
  • Legalized prostitution: self explanatory
  • Capricious Divorce: also illegal in the Catholic church
  • Sanguinary and Immoral Games: soccer or
  • Torture: which we now go to other countries to do
  • Caste: no class mobility, people are stuck in certain classes
• Tripartite Division of the World
  • The Inner Zone
    • Characterized by: highly industrial, free market capitalism, agrarian urban society, democratic governmental systems, with some form of republican government, and expanding franchise
    • Trade: These countries export excess production and import agrarian products and luxuries
    • Countries: West Germany, West Austria-Hungary, North Spain, Northern Italy, GBR, France, the Low countries, Southern Scandinavia, New England, Buenos Aires, Singapore, Japan
  • The Outer Zone
    • Characterized by: agrarian dominated with some industry and urbanization, usually has one giant city/capital
    • Trade: the outer zone typically feed the inner zone, who in turn trade manufactured goods
      • Argentina: the #1 beef producer in the world
      • US: produces a ton of corn
    • Countries: the rest of Europe, All of Russia, Southern and Midwest United States, Canada, Cone of South America
  • The 3rd World
    • Characterized by: underdeveloped or developing countries
    • Trade: no imports or exports
    • Countries: all of Africa, Amazonia, South/Western Asian countries, Oceania
  • The inner zone typically imperializes the 3rd world countries and the 3rd world countries get imperialized
• Population
  • Europe
    • 1650: 100 million/ 18% of the world's population
    • 1750: 150 million/ 19%
    • 1850: 263 million /21%
    • 1900: 396 million/ 25% (the height of imperialism)
    • 1950: 532 million/ 21.5%
    • 1990: 726 million/ 14%
    • 2010: 800 million/ 11.4%
  • Africa
    • 1650: 100 million/ 18%
    • 1750: 106 million/ 13%
    • 1850: 111 million/ 9% (slavery)
    • 1900: 133 million/ 8%
    • 1950: 217 million/ 9%
    • 1990: 646 million/ 12% (agricultural revolution, European health inoculations and knowledge)
    • 2010: 900 million/ 13%
  • Asia
    • 1650: 313 million/ 62%
    • 1750: 515 million
    • 1850: 111 million
    • 1900: 133 million/ 58%
    • 1950: 217 million/ 56%
    • 1990: 646 million/ 61%
    • 2010: 900 million/ 67%
• Emigration from 1850-1940
  • 1) 18.3 million- UK
  • 2) 10.2 million- Italy
  • 3) 9 million- Russia
  • 4) 5 million- Germany
  • 5) 4.5 million- Spain
  • 6) 4.2 million- Austria-Hungry
• Immigration: Where are the people going?
  • 1) US
  • 2) Asiatic Russia
  • 3) Argentina
  • 4) Brazil
  • 5) Australia
  • 6) Canada
  • 7) New Zealand
  • 8) Mexico