Native American Powerpoint notes

• N. Americans came from N to S and S to N
  • Brought from North to South
    • Animalism- worship of animals
    • carnivores
  • Brought from South to North
    • more farming techniques
    • knowledge of seasons, farming ceremonies
• North America kinda got skipped out
• Different Cultural Areas
  • Arctic
  • Subarctic
  • Northwest
    • Famous for totem poles: based on ancestors and family
    • Potlatch: a gathering of community members (potluck today)
    • Relied heavily on fishing
    • Different tribes
      • Cayuse
      • Shoshoni
        • Sacajewia
      • Nez Perce
        • Sad ending, sent all the away back to Oaklahoma
      • The Plateau Indians
        • columbia tribal fishing
        • destroyed by the Dalles damn- used for electricity now
  • Plateau
  • Great Basin
    • the Colorado river
    • Great salt lake
    • Tribes
      • Bannock
      • Paiute
      • Shoshone
      • Ute
    • The tribes in this area ate lots of bugs.... ew (buy Borax as a natural ant deterrent, wise words of L Willi)
    • Southern Great Basin was more hunting and gathering rather than agriculture. Went for smaller game ex rabbits
  • Californina
    • very different climate
    • The Desert West
      • The Hohokam community
        • 300 BC - 1500 AD
        • Very sophisticated irrigation system
        • Lived in adobe pit houses
      • The Anasazi
        • Pueblo architexture
        • evolved into the Pueblo people
        • famous for their turquoise jewlery
  • Eastern Plains/ Prairie
    • A bit of the Northern hunting traditions, a bit of the Southern farming traditions
    • grass that is much taller
    • major rivers / flood plains
    • semi-sedentary farming: corn, beans, usually stored underground
    • Seasonal Hunting/gathering: deer bison, elk, etc
    • family rank was important
  • Western Plains
    • short grass (buffalo grass)
    • different than the E Plains; less rainfall
    • big game, bison hunting
    • Nomadic hunting, on foot!!!! no horses yet
    • ritual emphasis on hunt. The Indians would ask the buffalo "permission" to kill it. Stereotypical dancing around a fire
    • They stuck more to their tribes
    • The buffalo/bison are almost extinct today due to interbreeding with cows (beefalo)
    • Tipis or tipiis
  • The Mississippian Culture
    • Mound builders
      • Cahokia Mound 900-1400 AD in Illinois across the Mississippi R from St louis
        • Mounds used for defenses, political use, religion
        • largest and most complex city north of Mexico
        • up to 40,000 at its height
        • houses made up of limbs saplings twigs etc. wattla dob
        • Cahokia was larger than early New York
        • declines 1200-1400 due to climate change? where did they go? no one knows...
      • Monks Mound
      • Woodhenge
        • Circular sun calendar, 48 cedar posts in a 410 foot circle around central post to mark seasons
        • near St. Louis or southern Missouri
      • The Hopewell snake mound
        • Shaped like animals, may be used for burials
        • in the Ohio valley
        • 300 BC
        • artifacts and trade good suggest Hopewell were skilled artisans and traders
    • community dwellers; had a plaza or a downtown-like area
    • Floodplain farmers: accumulation of corn
    • Meso America similarities
  • The Southeastern Culture
    • extensive agriculture and vegetables. they were scared to death of tomato's lol
    • large towns... but not really
    • Complex hierarchies, and nobility.
    • Some mound builders as well
    • reliance on shellfish
    • Etowah, Georgia. 1200-1500s
      • no written language:(
      • most depictions are just speculation
  • South West
    • adopts corn culture early along streams with irrigation coming later
    • adaption to desert environment
    • trade esp with aztecs