The Ism Schism

Lol the title is based on Bob Marley's "Get Up Stand Up"

• The French Industrial Revolutions combine to initiate a series of changes: Political, Social, Intellectual and Economic.
  • These revolutions especially affect European thought, which is then spread throughout the world through imperialism.
  • Liberia and Sierra Leone are the only two independent countries in the 1900s, the rest of Africa is under European control
• Romanticism
  • primarily literature with popular writers Byron, Keets, and Shelly
  • art featuring landscapes of scenes from nature
  • movement away form Neo-Classicism and using scientific rationalism
  • strong emphasis on undefinable things, nature, and human spirit. Romantics still embrace reason, just not soley
  • focuses on the human spirit, emotion, and feeling
  • the 19th century witnesses the furtherance of the idea of human individualism or a unique spirit/genius (genie)
  • German Herder had the idea that nations with a like background for example german people or american people had something called a Volkgeist (a national spirit) that can be discovered though a study of history. Basically
• Classical Liberalism
  • Emerges form Great Britain in the early 19th century. The "Liberals" were mainly from the nouveau riche textile magnates, working class leaders, and merchants.
  • Their beliefs included: making constitutions with a strong ruler, for example a constitutional monarchy
  • They opposed a full franchise (Universal Male Suffrage), and feared mob rule
  • The liked small, responsible governments that protected Lockean ideals like life, liberty, and properties
  • wanted low government interference in business with a laissez faire, free trade, low or no tariff
  • believed self-reliance and self control the poor should be aided through philanthropy but not through government relief
  • oppose labor unions but by the 19000s they embrace them,
  • classical liberals were opposed by the old Aristocracy
  • they were called tories in GBR
  • conservative classical liberals were prevalent in Western Europe and in commercial industrialized regions
• Radicalism
  • wanted full Universal Male Suffrage and a constitution
  • were against monarchs and established churches
    • They saw these two institutions as barriers to immediate radical changed
  • They were into the idea of getting right to the root of the problem, which is why they were called radicals √9
  • was an intellectual movement led by Jeremy Bentham called utilitarianism
  • reform of laws, parliament, clergy and socail institutions. they were pro-education
• Republicansim
  • linked closely to the French Revolution and are violently anti-monarchical, anti-clerical
  • wanted UMS, a written constitution, very in tune to the Rights of Man
  • Outside of France Republicans are mostly in secret clubs and stuff, since outside of France, there are a lot of monarchies
  • hated by the conservative reactionaries, closely linked to nationalist movements especially Mazzini and Germany.
  • from the intelligentsia in the working class
• Socialism
  • Emerged from the Radicals and republicans and working class in 1890
  • Wanted civil legal equality of French revolutions to be extended to economics and social classes.
  • The earliest socialists were in the Textile Magnates. Robert Owen founds a colony in the US called New Harmony. Another example would be Willy Wonka oopma loompas.
  • socialism promotes equal housing , pay, education, and health care where everyone works and shares equally in wealth.